IF articles

Summary - The rail sector, which is essential to global transport, faces technical and management challenges of increasing complexity. Quantum computing, a technology based on the principles of quantum mechanics, is emerging as an advanced solution to improve operational efficiency, thanks to the ability to perform parallel calculations and solve NP-hard (non-deterministic polynomial-time hardness) problems. Algorithms such as Quantum Annealing and QAOA (Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm) make it possible to optimize critical processes, including time planning and resource allocation, drastically reducing computational times compared to traditional methods. The QUBO (Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization) model represents an effective approach to minimize delays and costs, optimizing operational management. Integration with IoT technologies enables continuous monitoring of infrastructures, improving safety and reliability. This work outlines the potential of quantum computing to optimize the rail sector, paving the way for a more efficient and sustainable future.

https://www.medra.org/servlet/view?lang=it&doi=10.57597/IF.02.2025.ART.2